Tile classifications are defined by their ability to absorb water, as measured by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. These categories include non-vitreous, semi-vitreous, vitreous, and impervious. Impervious tiles, such as porcelain, have an absorption rate of 0.5% or less, making them ideal for exterior use or high-moisture showers, as they are resistant to freezing and staining. Understanding these ratings ensures the correct material is selected for the environment, preventing potential failure due to freeze-thaw damage or excessive moisture saturation in the tile body.
Ask an ExpertTile and Showers
How does the water absorption rate define tile classification by type?
The water absorption rate is the primary metric for classifying tiles by type. It measures the amount of water a tile can absorb, which dictates its suitability for different environments—ranging from non-vitreous tiles for indoor walls to impervious tiles for wet areas.